COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE ARTICLES

COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE ARTICLES

Are those counts with help of a numeral and by general have plural.

Ex:

One book.	Two pencils.	Three boys.	Four cars.
Un libro.	Dos lápices.	Tres niños.	Cuatro coches.

While that uncountable articles are those that, cannot count neither measure.

Note: Everything that can measure can touch.

Note: There are some articles that can be countable as uncountable. When write as contable, can touch, but when transform in uncountable, lack to plural, these are:

Money (Dinero) (Uncontable/ contable)	Water (Agua) (Uncontable)	Coffe ( Cafè) (Uncountable)
Mathematics (Matematicas) (Uncontable)	Soap (Jabòn) (Contable)	Silver (Plata) (Uncontable)
Sugar (Azucar) (Uncontable)	Milk (Leche) (Uncontable)	Food (Comida) (Uncountale/Contable)
Sand. Arena. (Uncontable)	People (gente) (Unconuntable/Contable)	Friend (amigo) (Contable) Colleague (colega) (Contable)

Ex:  Tocar (touch)

Aff: The money is acquired with effort. / El dinero se adquirio con esfuerzo.

Neg: The money doesn’t acquire of any other way/  el dinero no se adquiere de ninguna otra forma.

Int: How many money is it to spend a citizen all day? / ¿Cuánto dinero se gasta un ciudadano al día?

Ex: Plural

Aff: I’ve 10 euros in my pants’ pocket. Is all the money that I have.

 Yo tengo 10 euros en mi bolsillo del pantalón. Es todo el dinero que  tengo.

Neg: I just have 5.000 pesos, I have not any money more.

Solo tengo 5.000 pesos, no tengo nada más de dinero.

Int: How many money to equivalent 100 gold’s tons?/¿cuánto dinero equivale 100 toneladas de oro?

Some uncountable articles: 

Help. Ayuda.	Time. Tiempo.	Hope. Esperanza.
Hunger. Hambre.	Dirt. Suciedad.	Work. Trabajo.
Fun. Diversión.	Music. Música.	Weather. Tiempo atmosférico
Advice. Consejo.	Trouble Problema	Information. Información.
Homework. Deberes.	News. Noticias.	Sky. Cielo.
Love Amor	Effort Esfuerzo	Flour Harina
Wood Madera	Wine Vino	Hot Calor
Butter Mantequilla	Luck Suerte	Sadness Tristeza
Poetry Poesía	Research Investigación	Oxygen Oxigeno
Advice Consejo	Evidence Evidencia	Fear Miedo

GRAMMATICALS RULES:

1. When use “any”, just will can to do in negative and interrogative, but as long as in his answer is negative.
2. “Any” can use as contable articles as uncountable articles.
3. When use “Some”, just use in affirmative and interrogative, but as long as his answer is affirmative.
4. El any mean in Spanish (algún, alguna, ninguno, ninguna, ningún, nada).
5. El some mean in Spanish (algún, algo, algunos, algunas)
6. So contable articles as uncountable articles use indefinite articles

(a /an/some).

Expression that use with uncountable articles:

UNCOUNTABLES
Much. Muchos o muchas.	I have much friends. Tengo muchos amigos.
How much Cuantos/cuantas	How much people are there in the stadium? ¿Cuantas personas hay en un estadio?
Few. Pocos o pocas. (nada) A few. Unos pocos o unas pocas.	She has read few books. Ella ha leído pocos libros. I have a few good friends. Tengo unos pocos buenos amigos.
So Much. Tantos.	We have so much books that I don’t know where to put them. Tenemos tantos libros que no sé dónde ponerlos.
So Few.  Tan pocos.	He is alone, he has so few friends. Está solo, tiene tan pocos amigos.
Too Much. Demasiados.	Too much cooks spoil the broth. Demasiados cocineros echan a perder el caldo.
Too Few. Demasiado pocos.	There were too few to start the party. Había demasiado pocos para  empezar la fiesta.

Expression that use with countable articles:

COUNTABLES
Many. Mucho.	I don’t have many tasks No tengo muchas tareas.
Little. Poco. A little Un poco.	He eats little fruit. Come poca fruta. With a little apple please. Con un poco de manzana.
So Little. Tan poco.	He drinks so little beer El Bebe tan poca cerveza.
Too Little.  Demasiado poco. “menos de lo necesario”.	They have too little money. Tienen demasiado  poco dinero.
So Many. Tanto.	They spend so many on clothes that they never have enough money. Gastan tanto en ropa que nunca tienen suficiente dinero.

Note: In affirmative sentences is usual (formal conversation) “a lot or a lot of”, that mean “mucho, muchos”.

 Either contable articles as uncountable articles.

In negative sentences as interrogative sentences, is common use “many/much”. However, "many/much", use in informal conversation. 

For example: Many people are visiting the museum. 

In addition, "many" refers to plural, while "much" refers to singular.

For example:

Many police into of city.  (plural)
Much traffic there's today.  (singular)

Note: Can exist that you at moment use "many/much", you're writing or pronouncing countable or uncountable article. 

For example:  I have much information inside of my computer

Thus, "much" is the use exclusive of contable articles, when "object", in this case is "information" is singular, it's obligation use "much" no many. But if you write a contable article in singular applies the grammar rule.

For example:

You're eating much fruit.  .... (singular)

The grammar rules apply when contable articles are the same nature and no different (contable article-much-singular).
(uncontable article-many-plural)

Exception: (contable article-many-plural)/ (uncountable article-much-singular). 

 In the other hand, when use countable and uncountable articles, is very common use partitives, are those: 

A can of.

Una lata de bebida.

A cup of. 

Una taza de.

A piece of.

Un trozo de, una porción de.

A tin of.

Una lata de.

A packet of.

Una bolsa de.

A can of coke.

Un lata de Coca-cola.

A cup of coffe.

Una taza de café.

A piece of paper.

Un trozo de papel.

A tin of tuna.

Una lata de atún.

A packet of crisps.

Una bolsa de papas.

A bowl of cornflakes

Un tazón de cereales

A bunch of grapes

Un racimo de uvas

A tube of toothpaste

Un tubo de pasta de dientes